seth@tkflow.com 
Kufotokozera kwazonse
Madzimadzi, monga dzinalo limatanthawuza, limadziwika ndi kuthekera kwake. Amasiyana ndi zolimba zake. Chitsimikizo chokha ndi chakuti nthawi yokwanira iyenera kusokoneza kuchitika. Munjira iyi madzimadzi amakhala wopanda mawonekedwe.
Mafuta amatha kugawidwa m'madzi ndi mpweya. Madzimadzi amapasuka pang'ono ndipo pali malo aulere akaikidwa mu chotengera chotseguka. Kumbali ina, mafuta nthawi zonse amakula kuti adzaze chidebe chake. Vapor ndi mpweya womwe uli pafupi ndi madzi.
Madzi omwe injiniyo amakhudzidwa makamaka ndi madzi. Zitha kukhala ndi mpweya wachitatu pa njira yothetsera mavuto am'mlengalenga omwe amakhala opanikizika. Makonzedwe ayenera kupangidwira izi akamapanga mapampu, mavuvu, ma pichelines, etc.
IDEL Injini yopukutira Turbine Technistrage inline sharnege madzi okwanira pampu iyi, kutentha kopitilira 60 ° VTP LIMPEME MFUMU YOPHUNZIRA IMVER VEM LIMENT PORTICICIC Mapampu madzi, ndipo pamaziko a kuchuluka ndi kolala, ikani mafuta a chubu mafuta ndi madzi. Itha kusuta kutentha pansi pa 60 ° C, tumizani kukhala ndi njere yolimba (monga mbedza yabwino komanso mchenga wabwino, malasha, ndi zina).
Mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yamadzimadzi imafotokozedwa motere:
Kachulukidwe (ρ)
Kuchulukitsa kwa madzimadzi ndi misa yake pa voliyumu iliyonse. Mu sI sys amawonetsedwa ngati kg / m3.
Madzi ali ndi vuto lalikulu la 1000 kg / m3pa 4 ° C. Pali kuchepa pang'ono kwa kachulukidwe kakang'ono kambiri koma pazolinga za madzi ndi 1000 kg / m3.
Kuchulukitsa kwakuti ndi kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe ka madzi.
Misa yapadera (W)
Unyinji wa madzimadzi ndi misa yawo pa voliyumu iliyonse.in the SI, imafotokozedwa mu n / m3. Kutentha koyenera, W ndi 9810 n / m3kapena 9,81 k / m3(pafupifupi 10 Ki / m3 kuti muwerengere.
Mphamvu yokoka (sg)
Mphamvu yokoka ya madzimadzi ndi chiwerengero cha unyinji wa kuchuluka kwa madzi ku unyinji wa madzi ofanana. Momwemonso kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe kwamadzi amtundu wa madzi oyera, nthawi zambiri zonse pa 15 ° C.
Vacuum ndikukhazikitsa mapampu
Model ayi: twp
Series Sect Seed Staft Inlol Inloel Prompning Train Mapampu adzidzidzi ndi Jo'kos pampu ya Singapore ndi Reeoflo ku Germany. Mitundu iyi ya pampu iyi imatha kunyamula mitundu yonse ya mitundu yonse yandale komanso yowononga yomwe ili ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Sinthani zolakwika zambiri zodzikongoletsera. Mtundu wamtunduwu wokhawo wowuma upangiri wowuma udzangoyambira ndikuyambiranso popanda madzi kuyamba, mutuwo umatha kukhala woposa 9 m; Mapangidwe abwino kwambiri a hydraulic komanso kapangidwe kake amasunga bwino kwambiri 75%. Ndi kukhazikitsa kwina kosiyanitsa.
Kuchulukitsa Modulus (k)
kapena zothandiza, zakumwa zitha kuonedwa kuti ndizosagwirizana. Komabe, pali zochitika zina, monga kutuluka kosakhazikika pamapaipi, komwe kuphatikizira kuyenera kufotokozeredwa. Bluturus ya Elastity, k, imaperekedwa ndi:
Komwe p ndikuwonjezereka komwe, mukamagwiritsa ntchito voliyumu v, kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa voliyumu. Popeza kuchepa kwa voliyumu kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kachulukidwe, equation 1 ikhoza kufotokozedwa monga:
kapena madzi, k ndi pafupifupi 2 150 MPA pa kutentha wamba komanso zovuta. Zimatsatira kuti madzi ndi pafupifupi 100 olemetsa kuposa chitsulo.
Madzi abwino
Madzi abwino kapena abwino ndi omwe mulibe zovuta kapena zingwe zazingwe pakati pa tinthu tambiri. Mphamvu nthawi zonse amachita nawo gawo ndipo amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso kukakamizidwa. Palibe madzi enieni omwe amagwirizana ndi lingaliro ili, ndipo zamadzi onse pakuyenda pali zovuta zomwe zimapezeka zomwe zimapezeka zomwe zimapangitsa kuwononga koyenda. Komabe, zakumwa zina, kuphatikizapo madzi, ali pafupi ndi madzi abwino, ndipo malingaliro osavuta amenewa amathandizira njira zosinthira masamu kapena mwamagetsi kuti atengere mavuto ena.
Model Ayi: XBC-VTP
XBC-VTP Serication Firth Raft Moto Wakumenya Mapampu ndi gawo limodzi la mapampu, omwe amapangidwa molingana ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa GB6245566. Tidasinthanso kapangidwe kameneka ndi mabloble a muyezo wa United States Firection Agwirizano. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamadzi opezeka ndi moto mu petrochemical, mpweya wa chilengedwe, chomera champhamvu, thonje, lamba, mphamvu, mphamvu, zomangira zokwera kwambiri ndi mafakitale ena. Itha kugwiranso ntchito ku sitima, thanki ya kunyanja, sitima yamoto ndi zochitika zina.
Kukweza
Makulidwe a madzi amadzimadzi ndi muyeso wa kukana kwake kwa tangict kapena kupsinjika. Zimachokera mu kuyanjana ndi kuphatikiza mamolekyulu. Madzi onse enieni ali ndi mafakisoni, ngakhale kuti akusinthasintha. Kupsinjika kwamitundu yolimba kumakhala kofanana kamene kamakhala ndi nkhawa m'madzi ndizofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zovuta.
Mkuyu.1.Viction Kusinthana
Ganizirani za madzi omwe ali pakati pa mbale ziwiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mtunda waufupi kwambiri. 1. Mbale yotsika ndiyosakhazikika pomwe mbale yam'mwamba imasuntha ku velocity v. Kuyenda kwamadzimadzi kumaganiziridwa kuti zichitike mu zigawo zingapo zopanda malire kapena laminae, zaulere kuti muchepetse wina. Palibe chopondera kapena chipwirikiti. Kusanja kwapakatikati pa Place Place kumayikidwa pomwepo mpaka mbale yotsekerayo imakhala ndi velocity v. Mulingo wovala bwino kapena dv / dy. Mawu amphamvu kapena, mochuluka, ma virus μ amaperekedwa ndi
Ndicholinga choti:
Mawu awa pa zopsinjika zowoneka bwino adayambitsidwa koyamba ndi Newton ndipo amadziwika kuti ku Newton a NewConctotion. Pafupifupi zakumwa zonsezi zimakhala ndi zokwanira zofananirapo ndipo zimatchulidwa kuti madzi a Newtonian.
Chiyu. Ubale pakati pa kumeta ubweya ndi kuchuluka kwa mavuto.
Chithunzi 2 ndi chojambula chojambula cha equation 3 ndikuwonetsa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a zinthu zolimba ndi zakumwa zomwe zimabweretsa nkhawa.
Makulidwe akufotokozedwa ku Contiposi (Pa.s kapena ns / m2).
M'mavuto ambiri okhudza kusuntha kwamadzi, ma virud amawoneka ndi kachulukidwe ka mufomu μ / p (lodziyimira pawokha) ndipo ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mawu amodzi v, yotchedwa mamasukidwe a ku Kinematic.
Mtengo wa ν chifukwa cha mafuta olemera atha kukhala okwera 900 x 10-6m2/ s, pomwe madzi, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe otsika, ndi 1,14 x 10? Kutentha kwa chipinda, mawonekedwe a kinematic a ndege ndi pafupifupi 13 madzi.
Mavuto adziko komanso kuchuluka
Zindikirani:
Coutheon ndi kukopa komwe mamolekyulu ofanana amakhalira.
Kutsatira ndi kukopa komwe mamolekyulu amakhala ndi mahule.
Kusamvana kwamtundu ndi chinthu chathupi chomwe chimapangitsa dontho lamadzi kuti liziyimitsidwa pamtunda, chotengera kuti chizidzazidwa ndi madzi pang'ono pang'ono kuposa madziwo. Zowonjezera zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha mgwirizano pakati pa mamolekyulu pamtunda wamadzi omwe amayendera madzi kapena mpweya wina. Zili ngati kuti pamakhala phokoso la elastic meacrane, kutsimikiza mosiyanasiyana, komwe kumakhala kokhazikika. Chifukwa chake timapeza kuti thovu la mpweya mu madzi ndi madontho a chinyezi mumlengalenga ndi pafupifupi mawonekedwe.
Mphamvu yoganiza bwino pamtundu uliwonse pamalingaliro oganiza bwino pamtunda waulere ndizofanana ndi kutalika kwa mzere wa mzere ndi kumachitika mogwirizana. Kusamvana kwamtundu uliwonse kumayambiriro kwa mn / m. Kukula kwake kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, kukhala pafupifupi 73 MN / M kuti mudzipatse ndi mpweya kutentha. Pali kuchepa pang'ono kumalisecheindi kutentha kwambiri.
M'mapulogalamu ambiri mu hydraulics, kusokonezeka kwa nkhope sikutanthauza pang'ono kuchokera pomwe mphamvu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndizosasinthika poyerekeza ndi hydrostatic ndi wamphamvu. Kusamvana kwamtunduwu ndi kofunika kokha komwe kulipo kwaulere ndipo miyeso yamagetsi ndiyochepa. Chifukwa chake pankhani ya hydraulic mitundu, zotsatira zowopsa, zomwe sizimabweretsa zotsatira za prototype, zitha kukhudza momwe zimayendera, ndipo cholakwika ichi mu chilinganizo chiyenera kuganiziridwa mukamatanthauzira zotsatira zake.
Zotsatira zovuta kwambiri pamavuto zimatchulidwa kwambiri za machubu ocheperako. Izi zitha kutenga mawonekedwe a matomi amomete mu labotale kapena ma pores m'nthaka. Mwachitsanzo, pomwe chubu chaching'ono chagalasi chimaviikidwa m'madzi, lidzapezeka kuti madzi amatuluka mkati mwa chubu, monga tikuonera Chithunzi 3.
Madziwo mu chubu, kapena meniscus monga amatchedwa, akutchedwa, akuchokera m'mwamba. Phenomenon amadziwika kuti chipilala, ndipo kulumikizana kwa tangerict pakati pamadzi ndipo galasi chikuwonetsa kuti chiyanjano chamkati chimakhala chocheperako kuposa chitsamba pakati pa madzi ndigalasi. Kupanikizika kwa madzi mkati mwa chubu oyandikana ndi ufulu waulere si wocheperako.
Mkuyu. 3. Mphamvu
Mercury imachita mosiyana, monga momwe chithunzi 3 (b). Akanikeni a coutheon ndi akulu kwambiri ndipo meniscus ili ndi nkhope yamphamvu mumlengalenga ndipo ali ndi nkhawa. Kukakamiza pafupi ndiulere kwaulere ndi chachikulu kuposa momwemlengalenga.
Zotsatira za mapiyilo mu manometer ndi gauge zimatha kupewedwa ndi machubu omwe alibe pafupifupi 10 mm.
Model Ayi: Asn Asnv
Modes Asn ndi mapampu a Asnc ndi gawo limodzi loti muoneke pompopompo mapampu ndikugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, kuthilira kwamadzi, madzi omenyera mafakitale, sitima, nyumba ndi zina zotero.
Kukakamiza kwa Vapor
Mamolekyu amadzimadzi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kinetic amawonetsedwa mu thupi lalikulu lamadzi nthawi yake yaulere ndikudutsa nthunzi. Kupanikizika ndi nthunzi imeneyi kumadziwika kuti kupanikizika kwa nthunzi, p ,. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta kwambiri molekana komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kupsinjika kwa nthunzi. Kupanikizika kwa nthunzi ndikofanana ndi kukakamiza kwa mafuta pamwamba pa madzi, zithupsa. Kupsinjika kwa madzi pa 15 ° C ndi 1,72 kpa (1,72 k2).
Kupsinjika kwa mlengalenga
Kukakamizidwa kwa mlengalenga padziko lapansi kumayesedwa ndi barometer. Panyanja ili ndi mpweya wa m'mlengalenga 101 kpaumu ya 101 ndipo yathetsedwa pamtengo uwu. Pali kuchepa kwa mpweya wa m'mlengalenga ndi kutalika; Mwachitsanzo, pa 1 500m imachepetsedwa mpaka 88 kpa. Chingwe chamadzi chofanana chimakhala kutalika kwa 10,3 m panyanja, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa dambo lamadzi. Kutalika ndi hypothetical, chifukwa kukakamizidwa kwamadzi kumalepheretsa kupuma kokwanira. Mercury ndi madzi apamwamba kwambiri a barmatric, chifukwa ili ndi zovuta zosokoneza bongo. Komanso, kuchepa kwake kwamphamvu kumapangitsa kuti mzere woyenera ukhale woyenera - bat 0,75 m panyanja.
Mavuto ambiri omwe amakumana nawo omwe amakumana nawo pamlengalenga ndipo amayezedwa ndi zida zomwe zimalembedwanso, ndizotheka kuona kukakamizidwa kwa malo ngati datam, mwachitsanzo. Mavuto amatchedwa zovuta zina za gauge pomwe pamwambapa pamwambapa. Ngati kupsinjika kwenikweni kwa Zero kumatengedwa ngati datom, zipsinjo zimanenedwa kuti ndikhale mtheradi. Mu chaputala 5 pomwe NPH ikukambidwa, manambala onse amafotokozedwa mu gawo lamtheradi - Iesea Level = 0 bar gauge = 1 1 kpa = 10,3 Madzi.
Post Nthawi: Mar-20-2024