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Pampu za centrifugalamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ngati zida zoyendera zamadzimadzi. Kuchita bwino kwawo kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kudalirika kwa zida. Komabe, pochita, mapampu a centrifugal nthawi zambiri amalephera kufika pachimake chazongopeka. Kuperewera kumeneku kumabwera chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa malire a mapangidwe, kusiyanasiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito, zovuta zosamalira, komanso zinthu zakunja zachilengedwe.
Kumvetsetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pampu ya Centrifugal
Kuti muwunike bwino zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya mpope, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kaye kapangidwe kake. Kuchita bwino kwa apampu yamoto ya centrifugalnthawi zambiri imatsimikiziridwa ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu:
Mphamvu ya Hydraulic- Zimayimira kutaya mphamvu chifukwa cha mphamvu zamadzimadzi mkati mwa mpope.
Makina Mwachangu- Imatanthawuza zotayika kuchokera ku kukangana ndi kuyenda kwamakina.
Kuchita bwino kwa Volumetric- Nkhani zotayika chifukwa cha kutayikira mkati mwamadzimadzi.
Kuyanjana pakati pa zigawozi kumatanthawuza mphamvu yonse yogwiritsira ntchito mpope.
Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kugwira Ntchito Pampu ya Centrifugal
1. Hydraulic Design Factors
Mapangidwe a hydraulic amakhudza kwambiri momwe madzimadzi amayendera bwino papapo:
Mapangidwe a Impeller Monga chigawo chachikulu, geometry ya impeller - kuphatikiza m'mimba mwake, nambala ya tsamba, ngodya zolowera / zotuluka, ndi kupindika - zimakhudza mwachindunji mawonekedwe akuyenda komanso kusinthika kwamphamvu.
Mapangidwe a Volute Volute amatenga madzimadzi otulutsidwa kuchokera ku chotengera ndikusintha mphamvu ya kinetic kukhala mphamvu yokakamiza. Mapangidwe olakwika, makamaka ma angles ophatikizika kwambiri, amatha kuyambitsa ma eddies ndikuyenda kwachiwiri, ndikuwonjezera kutayika kwa ma hydraulic.
Kuloledwa kwa Seal Design Seal kumakhudza kutayikira komanso kuwonongeka kwa mikangano. Kuloledwa kochulukirapo kumabweretsa kutayikira, pomwe chilolezo chochepa chimawonjezera mikangano ndi kuvala.
2. Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito
Kupatuka kuzomwe zimapangidwira kungakhudze kwambiri magwiridwe antchito:
Off-Design Operation Pump adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito pa Best Efficiency Point (BEP). Kugwira ntchito kutali ndi mfundoyi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ma hydraulic komanso kuchepa kwachangu.
Cavitation Pamene kuthamanga pa suction mbali akutsikira m'munsimu nthunzi nthunzi kuthamanga, nthunzi thovu kupanga ndi kugwa mkati chochititsa, kuwononga zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi kuchepetsa dzuwa.
3. Zowonongeka Zamakina
Kuwonongeka kwamakina kumachokera ku kukangana kwamkati ndi kavalidwe kazinthu:
Bearing and Seal Friction Friction pa zisindikizo ndi ma bearings ndiwo amathandizira kwambiri pakutha mphamvu. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba, zotsika kwambiri zimatha kuchepetsa izi.
Kusanja Kutayika kwa Zida Mapampu a Multistage nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zolumikizirana ndi axial thrust. Kukonzekera kolakwika kapena kuvala kungayambitse kutaya mphamvu zowonjezera.
Kutuluka kwa Zisindikizo Pakapita nthawi, zisindikizo zimatha kuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azituluka komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya volumetric.
4. Nkhani Zokhudzana ndi Kusamalira
Kukonzekera kopitilira muyeso ndikofunikira kuti ntchito ipitirire:
Impeller ndi Volute Wear Kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kumabweretsa kuwonongeka ndi kukokoloka kwa malo amkati, kukulitsa kukana kwa ma hydraulic ndi kutayika.
Kuchulukitsa Kukaniza kwa System Kuyika kapena kutsekeka mkati mwa mapaipi kumawonjezera kukana kwa madzi, kumachepetsa mphamvu ya mpope.
Shaft Misalignment Kusayenda bwino pakati pa shaft ya mpope ndi dalaivala kumatha kuyambitsa kugwedezeka, kukweza kutayika kwa makina, ndikuchepetsa moyo wantchito.
5. Zinthu Zachilengedwe
Zinthu zakunja zimakhudzanso mphamvu ya mpope:
Fluid Viscosity Kukhuthala kwapamwamba kumawonjezera kukana koyenda, kumachepetsa mphamvu.
Solids Content Madzi okhala ndi zolimba zoyimitsidwa amayambitsa kukhathamira komanso kutsekeka kwamadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwachangu.
Ambient Temperature Kutentha kumakhudza zonse zamadzimadzi komanso magwiridwe antchito amafuta, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito onse.
Njira Zothandizira Kuwongolera Pampu ya Centrifugal
Kuti muwonjezere mphamvu komanso kudalirika kwa mapampu a centrifugal, lingalirani njira izi:
Wokometsedwa Design Gwiritsani ntchito computational madzimadzi mphamvu (CFD) kuti yesezera machitidwe otaya mkati ndi kukhathamiritsa ndi impeller ndi volute kwa zomvetsa zochepa hayidiroliki.
Kusankha ndi Kuwongolera Pampu Moyenera Onetsetsani kuti mapampu akugwira ntchito pafupi ndi malo awo opangira. Gwiritsani ntchito ma variable frequency drives (VFDs) kuti musinthe liwiro potengera zomwe mukufuna, ndipo lingalirani kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu angapo mofananira kuti agwirizane ndi kusinthasintha kwa katundu bwino.
Kukonza Nthawi Zonse Gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko yokonzekera bwino. Tsukani malo amkati, sinthani zida zakale, ndikuwunika momwe zinthu zilili pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga kusanthula kugwedezeka ndi kutsatira kutentha.
Zoyenera Kugwirizana ndi Zachilengedwe Sankhani mitundu ya pampu yomwe imagwirizana ndi zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndimadzimadzi. Ngati n'kotheka, samalirani momwe zinthu zilili kuti muchepetse zotsatira zake pakuchita bwino.
Mapeto
Kuchita bwino kwa mapampu a centrifugal kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwirizana. Pothana ndi kapangidwe ka ma hydraulic, kugwirizanitsa magawo ogwirira ntchito, kusunga zida zamakina, ndikuwongolera momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira chilengedwe, kusintha kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito kwapampu ndi kupulumutsa mphamvu kumatha kutheka. Njira yokwanira, yokhazikika ndiyofunikira pakukulitsa luso lanthawi yayitali komanso kudalirika kwa makina amapu a centrifugal.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-24-2025